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picture 英语翻译(English Translation)(1)

本栏目内容链接:
翻译的标准和条件   英语中介词的翻译
李白诗9种英译版本的欣赏    常用中文新词英译(1)
老子道德经选汉译欣赏   常用中文新词英译(2)
丁尼生短诗36种汉译版本欣赏   2001年度热点词汇
你会译这些英语句子吗   Film Titles
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中文新词汇翻译查询
搜英语英语翻译		 英语翻译技巧方法    
英语翻译教学
英语翻译论文
考研英语翻译

翻译的标准和条件

赵宝斌 编辑整理

    关于翻译的标准，清代翻译家严复提出：优秀的译文应该做到“信”“达”“雅”即忠实于原文，笔译流畅，文字雅典。傅雷先生提出文学翻译的“传神”论，这是比“信”“达”“雅”更高的标准。后来钱钟书先生提出了翻译的“化境”之说，就是原文的思想、情感、风格、神韵都原原本本地化到了译文地境界里。对于一般翻译者来说可以用“忠实与通顺”这一翻译基本标准。即正确地理解和表达原文的思想，译文文字流畅地道。

    翻译的条件第一是汉语功底要好，第二英是语语言能力要强，第三是知识面要广。

　李白诗9种英译版本的欣赏


静夜思
李白
床前明月光，疑是地上霜。
举头望明月，低头思故乡。

1).In the Still of the Night
I descry bright moonlight in front of my bed.
I suspect it to be hoary frost on the floor.
I watch the bright moon, as I tilt back my head.
I yearn, while stooping, for my homeland more.
       （徐忠杰）

2).A Tranquil Night
Abed, I see a silver light,
I wonder if it's frost aground.
Looking up, I find the moon bright;
Bowing, in homesickness I'm drowned.
        (许渊冲译)

  3).In the Quiet Night
So bright a gleam on the foot of my bed---
Could there have been a frost already?
Lifting my head to look, I found that it was moonlight.
Sinking back again, I thought suddenly of home.
       (Tr. Witter Bynner)

4). Night Thoughts
I wake, and moonbeams play around my bed,
Glittering like hoar-frost to my wandering eyes;
Up towards the glorious moon I raise my head,
Then lay me down---and thoughts of home arise.
        ( Tr. Herbert A. Giles)

5). On a Quiet Night
I saw the moonlight before my couch,
And wondered if it were not the frost on the ground.
I raised my head and looked out on the mountain noon,
I bowed my head and though of my far-off home.
         (TR. S. Obata)

6). The Moon Shines Everywhere
Seeing the moon before my couch so bright
I thought hoar frost had fallen from the night.
On her clear face I gaze with lifted eyes:
Then hide them full of Youth's sweet memories.
        (Tr. W.J.B. Fletcher)

7). Night Thoughts
In front of my bed the moonlight is very bright.
I wonder if that can be frost on the floor?
I list up my head and look at the full noon, the dazzling moon.
I drop my head, and think of the home of old days.
         (Tr. Amy Lowell)

8). Thoughts in a Tranquil Night
Athwart the bed
I watch the moonbeams cast a trail
So bright, so cold, so frail,
That for a space it gleams
Like hoarfrost on the margin of my dreams.
I raise my head, -
The splendid moon I see:
Then droop my head,
And sink to dreams of thee -
My father land , of thee!
        (Tr. L.Cranmer-Byng)

9). Nostalgia
A splash of white on my bedroom floor. Hoarfrost?
I raise my eyes to the moon, the same noon.
As scenes long past come to mind, my eyes fall again on the splash of white, and my heart aches for home.
         (翁显良译)

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老子道德经汉译选

1).知人者智，
    自知者明。
    胜人者有力，
    自胜者强。
    知足者富，
    强行者有志，
    不失其所者久，
    死而不亡者寿。
He show knows others in wise;
He who knows himself is clever;
He who conquers others is forceful;
He who knows contentment is rich;
He who perseveres is a man of will;
He who does not lose his root can endure;
He whose Tao survives him is long-lived.

2).知不知，
    尚矣；
    不知知，
    病也。
    夫惟病病，
    是以不病。
    圣人不病，
    以其病病，
    是以不病。 
Knowing one's ignorance of certain knowledge
is the best attitude;
Not knowing certain knowledge yet pretending to know
is a bad attitude.
The sage is of no shortcoming,
Because he considers shortcoming as shortcoming.
He considers shortcoming as shortcoming,
Thus he has no shortcoming.

3).信言不美，
    美言不信。
    善者不辩，
    辩者不善。
    知者不博，
    博者不知。
    圣人不积，
    既以为人己愈有，
    既以与人己愈多。
True words are not embellished,
The embellished words are not true.
A good man does not quibble;
He who quibbles is not good.
A man of true learning does not show off his learning.
He who shows off his learning does not have true learning.
The sage does not store up.
Helping others as best as he can.
He is helped even more.
Giving others as much as he can,
He becomes richer and richer still.

辜正乾 译 北京大学出版社 1995

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丁尼生短诗36种汉译版本欣赏

Man for the field and woman for the hearth;
Man for the sword and for the needle she.
Man with the head and woman with the heart:
Man to command and woman to obey
- Alfred Tennyson

1． 男人耕作女持家；
    男上战场女纺纱。
    男人冷静女犹柔；
    男施命令女听话。
2   男人耕作女持家，
    男人出征女缝衣。
    男人用脑女用心，
    男人命令女人依。
3   男人挣钱女持家，
    男人卫国女理内。
    男需理智女需柔，
    男人决策女相随。
4   男人主外女主内，
    男人舞剑女缝衣，
    男人理智女多情，
    男人吆喝女相随。
5   男人耕田女持家，
    男人舞剑女绣花，
    男有胆识女有心，
    男人发令女随他。
6   巧妇不胜耕种，
    强汉难为女工。
    情感怎抵理智，
    枉叹男令女从。
7   男持外，女主内，
    男打仗，女制衣。
    男有脑，女有心，
    男发令，女执行。
8   男忙外，女主内，
    男征战，女织绘。
    男大智，女多感，
    男高唱，女顺随。
9   男人耕种，女人绣花，
    男人持剑，女人持家。
    男人多思，女人牵挂，
    男人尊贵，女人卑政。
10    男耕女煮，
      男武女绣，
      男钟女痴，
      夫唱妇随。
11  夫外妇内，
    夫勇妇慧，
    夫聪妇情，
    夫唱妇随。
12  男人耕作主外，女人持家主内；
    男人征战沙场，女人缝补家中；
    男人富有理智，女人富有感情；
    男人发号施令，女人惟命是从。
13  男人外面挣钱，女人酱醋油盐，
    男人舞枪弄剑，女人摆弄针线，
    男人头脑理智，女人感情用事，
    男人发号施令，女人言听计从。
14  哥哥持外，妹妹佑内，
    哥哥侠胆，妹妹细腻，
    哥哥理智，妹妹温顺，
    哥哥下令，妹妹俯首。
15  男耕地来女织布；
    男从戎来女缝补。
    男人的理智呵，女人的情感；
    男人的主宰呵，女人的顺从。
16  男人用利剑打天下，女人用利针守家门，
    男人用脑征服女人，女人用心征服男人，
    男人惯于命令女人，女人习惯服从男人。
    男人是大地的主宰，女人是家庭的皇帝，
17  人在外工作，女人在内务家；
    男人玩弄权术，女人鸡毛蒜皮；
    男人富有理智，女人心地善良；
    男人发号施令，女人温顺贤良。
18  男儿赴沙场，女子下厨房。
    沙场挥刀急，闺阁弄针忙。
    须眉以理智，巾帼为情惘。
    男尊女自卑，令来敢阻搪？
19  男人耕于农田，女人守在灶边；
    男人手执利剑，女人飞针走线；
    男人理智明见，女人多情善感；
    男人命令决断，女人温顺恭谦。
20  男子外出耕作，女子烧饭沏茶，
    男子出征血战，女子织布纺纱；
    男子思考决断，女子体贴关怀，
    男子命令指挥，女子服从听话。
21  男人适于屋外耕地，女人精于屋内料理；
    男人宜于打仗抗敌，女人巧于织布缝衣；
    男人善于用智用理，女人多于情感细腻；
    男人勤于发号施令，女人乐于俯首相依。
22  牛郎躬耕忙，荆钗理家瘦。
    飞骑赴戎机，红妆织锦褛。
    须眉频谋计，朱颜多凝愁。
    百令生百诺，琴琴两相爱。
23  男人耕种女持家，
    男战沙场女绣花，
    男人多思女多情，
    男人尊贵女卑下。
24  夫耕在田妇持家，
    夫战在外妇织纱。
    夫动以智妇动情，
    夫出有令妇从他。
25  男主外来女主内，
    汉子好战妻内惠。
    夫有智面妇无谋，
    女从男令者为对。
26  夫忙耕兮妇忙织，
    夫出征兮妇待归；
    夫多智兮妇多情，
    夫发令兮妇服人。
27  男儿种地，女子做饭，
    保家靠男，织布需女。
    男德女贤，亲密无间，
    夫命妇人，其又何需？
28  男外女内，
    男动女静。
    男思女感，
    男令女行。
29  男外女内，
    男战女累，
    男智女情，
    男命女随。
30  夫耕妇炊，
    夫战妇织。
    夫智妇婉，
    夫唱妇随。
31  男耕女织，
    男武女文，
    男刚女柔，
    男尊女卑。
32  男人养家女治家，
    男人从军女缝纫，
    男人聪慧女痴情，
    男人命令女温顺。
33  男子忙耕田，女子守炉边；
    男子弄刀枪，女子拿针线；
    男子前领路，女子后跟随；
    男子多理智，女子情绵绵。
34  丈夫劳作在田野，女子持家炉,
    丈夫挥舞刀枪剑，女子织补拿,
    丈夫威武智勇全，女子贤德真,
    丈夫统率声令下，女子遵命垂,
35  男人主外，女人主内，
    男人是君，女人是仆，
    男人要才，女人要爱，
    男人下令，女人从命。
36  男子劳作，女子侍奉，
    男爱习武，女爱女红，
    男人智慧，女人柔情，
    男人指挥，女人行动。

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你会译这些英语句子吗

赵宝斌 编辑

1. A lawyer would make a better statesman than a soldier.(律师比军人更易成为政治家）
    A lawyer would make a better statesman than soldier.（律师更易成为政治家而不是战士）
2. He is a child of ten.
    He is  a father of ten.（十岁孩子的父亲）
3. He served me with a kind of coffee.
    He served me with coffee of a kind.（象是咖啡的东西）
4. You love me better than he.(和you平行）
    You love me better than him.（和me平行)
5. This is a photo of me.(本人的）
    This is a photo of mine.（我所有的）
6. They are an industrious people.（民族）
    They are industrious people.（人）
7. He is not a fool.
    He is no fool.（很聪明）
8. He has no more than ten books.（只有十本）
    He has not more than ten books.（不足十本）
9. He is not a little afraid of it.（很怕）
    He is not a bit afraid of it.（一点不怕）
10. I ask you nothing.（没问你什么）
    I ask you for nothing.（没求你什么）
11. We hadn't anything to eat.（没吃的东西了）
    We didn't have anything to eat.（没吃什么）
12. This is the same knife as I have lost.(和我丢刀子一样)
    This is the same knife that I have lost.(就是我丢的刀子)
13. Ask him when he comes back.(他回来时问他)
    Ask him if he will come back.(问他是否回来)
14. He is afraid to go out.(不敢出去)
    He is afraid of going out.(怕出去)
15. He is the only son of a poor man.（独生子）
    He is only a son of a poor man.（不过）
16. I am busy at the moment.（眼下）
    I am busy for the moment.（暂时）
17. He went to Beijing for pleasure.（游玩）
    He went to Beijing with pleasure.（高兴地）
    He went to Beijing at pleasure.（随心所欲地）
18. He presented a pistol to me.（送我一支手枪）
    He presented a pistol at me.（拿手枪对着我）
19. His English is anything but correct.（错误百出）
    His English is nothing but correct.（不错）
20. He is a man of family.(出身豪门）
    He is a family man.（有家室的人）
21. He is too glad to do so.
    He is only glad to do so.（极高兴）
22. I know him.
    I know of him.（听说过他）
23. I hope he will come.
    I wish he would come.（多希望他来）
24. I sent him to the doctor.
    I sent him for the doctor.(请医生）
25. He threw a bone to the dog.
    He threw a bone at the dog.（用石头砸狗）
26. He has nothing to write.（没写什么）
    He has nothing to write with.（没笔写）
27. He has no one help him.（不让人帮他）
    He has no one to help him.（没有帮他的人）
28. Have you finished your work yet?
    Have you finished your work already?（已完，表示吃惊）
29. Did you do any work last night?
    Did you do some work last night?（表示知道，肯定）
30. I left the window open.（忘了关窗户）
    I kept the window open.（表示故意）
31. Your request is out of question.（没问题）
    Your request is out of the question.（不可能）
32. The old man is in charge of the children.（照料孩子）
    The old man is in the charge of the children.（被孩子照料）
33. He is a worker and writer.（是工人兼作家）
    He is a worker and a writer.（是工人又是作家）
34. He asked her to keep house.（管家）
    He asked her to keep the house.（看家）
35. She is a woman with child.（怀孕）
    She is a woman with a child.
36. They are sitting at table.（吃饭）
    They are sitting at the table.
37. He has words with me.（争吵）
    He has a word with me.（说两句话）
38. They are of age.（成人）
    They are of an age.（同龄）
39. We are not behind time.（落后）
    We are not behind the times.（落伍）
40. They began to run in sight of this.（看见这个）
    They began to run in the sight of this.（鉴于这个）
41. Anyhow, he works.(不管怎样）
    He works anyhow.（马马乎乎）
42. You may as well take this.(还是收下）
    You may take this as well.（也收下）
43. His speech was reported at length in the newspapers.(详细地）
    At length, his speech was reported in the newspapers.（终于）
44. He kept her company.（陪着她）
    He kept company with her.（交朋友）
45. He simply spoke.(只不过）
    He spoke simply.（简单地）
46. They saw him through.（帮他到底）
    They saw through him.（看透他了）
47. May we meet again!(愿我们再见）
    We may meet again.
48. He had something to say.
    He had to say something.（必须发言）
49. Aren't you ashamed to talk like that?(规劝，表示事情没发生）
    Aren't you ashamed of talking lie that?（责备，表示事情已发生）
50. The soil is fit to plant cotton.(可以种）
    The soil is fit for cotton planting.（适宜种）
51. We asked him to speak from experience.（经验）
    We asked him to speak about his experiences.(经历）
52. It is his manner that annoys me.(举止）
    It is his manners that annoy me.（礼貌）
53. He is my boy friend.(男朋友）
    He is my boy's friend.（男孩的朋友）
54. You helped him, as well as I.（象我一样）
    You helped him, as well as me.（你帮我，也帮他）
55. What's the time?
    How's the time?(还有多少时间）
56. He went to sea.(当水手）
    He went to the sea.（到海滨）
57. What kind of doctor is he?(什么博士）
    What kind of a doctor is he?
58. She bought a red and green dress.（一件）
    She bought a red and a green dress.（两件）
59. He thought about the problem.（考虑）
    He thought of the problem.（想到）
60. He doesn't think much about that suggestion.
    He doesn't think much of that suggestion.(评价不高）
61. He worked at a table.(伏案工作）
    He worked on a table.（做桌子）
62. We shall not be home by six.(6点不能到家）
    We shall not be home till six.（6点才能到家）
63. The teacher began by telling them a story.(故事作引子）
    The teacher began with a story.（先讲了个故事）
64. Give me a glass for wine.(酒杯）
    Give me a glass of wine.（一杯酒）
65. He was familiar to me.(很熟）
    He was familiar with me.（很随便）
66. He escaped prison.(没进监狱）
    He escaped from prison.（越狱）
67. He quotes Shakespeare.（莎士比亚的话）
    He quotes from Shakespeare（莎士比亚的作品）
68. We camped there for the summer.(整个夏天）
    We camped there in the summer.（夏天）
69. Cloth is made from cotton.(棉花加工成）
    Cloth is made of cotton.（棉纱织成）
70. He sat on my left.(挨着左边）
    He sat to my left.（坐在左手）
71. He is one of the boys who has seen the film.
    He is the one of the boys who has seen the film.(唯一个）
72. He opened the door to me.(给我开门）
    He opened the door for me.（替我开门）
73. It is very useful to him.(他觉得）
    It is very useful for him.（对他来说）
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英语中介词的翻译
英语中大多数介词含义灵活， 一词多义多用，除了一些常用的短语已有比较固定的翻译外，很多介词需要从其基本意义出发，联系上下文灵活处理。下面简单介绍几种基本的介词翻译方法。
1. 转译：英语中的介词可转化成汉语的动词。
Your clothes are out of fashion. (过时了)
The person with glasses(带眼睛) is my friend.
Can you see them clearly with (用) your naked eyes.
Is this the way to(去) the station?
2. 增译：根据上下文翻译时增加词语，使意思更完整，清晰。
Can you recommend me some books on(有关) English learning？
Something wrong with his lung. It is the smoke to(影响) the lungs.
3. 分译：介词短语可拆成另一个句子进行翻译。
Without his help,(如果没有他的帮助) I couldn't finish my work so early.
We can't see it clearly for the fog.(由于有雾)
For all your explanations, I understand no better than before. 尽管你作了解释,我还是不懂。
4. 不译：如上下文意思清楚，介词可不译。
What's wrong with you?
There are 60 minutes in an hour.
Many of us are interested in English.
5. 反译：英语中有些介词可按否定的意义翻译。常这样用的介词有：beyond, past, against, off, from, but, except等。
It is beyond my understanding.(不理解)
The island is off the coast.(离海岸不远)
The umbrella protect us from rain.(不受雨淋)
We have lessons every day, except Sunday.(除星期天不上课)

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常用中文新词英译(1)

A.

AA制 Dutch treatment; go Dutch
《阿Q正传》 The True Story of Ah Q
艾滋病(获得性免疫缺损综合征) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
爱丽舍宫 Elysée Palace
安居工程 Housing Project for low-income families
按成本要素计算的国民经济总值 GNP at factor cost
按揭贷款 mortgage loan
按劳分配 distribution according to one's performance
暗恋 unrequited love; fall in love with someone secretly
暗亏 hidden loss
澳门大三巴牌坊 Ruins of St. Paul
奥姆真理教 Japanese Aum Doomsday Cult

B.
B to B (B2B) business to business
B to C (B2C) business to consumer
巴黎证券交易所 Paris Bourse
把握大局 grasp the overall situation
白马王子 Prince Charming
白色行情表 white sheet
白色农业 white agriculture (also called "white engineering agriculture"; It refers to microbiological agriculture and biological cell agriculture.)
白手起家 starting from scratch
白雪公主 Snow White
摆架子 put on airs
摆谱儿 put on airs; show off; keep up appearances
拜年 pay New Year call
搬迁户 relocated families
半拉子工程 uncompleted project
棒球运动记者 scribe
傍大款 (of a girl) find a sugar daddy; be a mistress for a rich man; lean on a moneybags
包干到户 work contracted to households
包干制 overall rationing system; scheme of payment partly in kind and partly in cash
包工包料 contract for labor and materials
保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy
保持国有股 keep the State-held shares
保健食品 health-care food
保理业务 factoring business
保税区 the low-tax, tariff-free zone; bonded area
保证重点支出 ensure funding for priority areas
保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings
报国计划的实施 implementation of Dedicator's Project
北欧投资银行 Nordic Investment Bank
本本主义 bookishness
《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica
本垒打 circuit clout, four-master, round trip
本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches
奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life
苯鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start.
蹦击 bungee, bungee jumping
逼上梁山 be driven to drastic alternatives
比较经济学 comparative economics
比上不足，比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst
闭门羹 given cold-shoulder
边际报酬 marginal return
边缘科学 boundary science
变相涨价 disguised inflation
便携式电脑 portable computer; laptop; notebook computer
标书 bidding documents
表演赛 demonstration match
剥夺冠军 strip the gold medal of somebody
博彩（业）lottery industry
博士生 Ph.D candidate
补缺选举 by-election
布达拉宫 Potala Palace
布雷顿森林体系 Bretton Woods system
不败记录 clean record, spotless record
不承诺放弃使用武器 not undertake to renounce the use of force
不打不成交 No discord, no concord.
不分上下的总统选举结果the neck-and-neck presidential election result
《不见不散》 Be there or be square.
不可再生资源 non-renewable resources
不良贷款 non-performing loan
不夜城 sleepless city, ever-bright city
不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency
步行天桥 foot bridge

翻译的标准和条件   英语中介词的翻译
李白诗9种英译版本的欣赏    常用中文新词英译(1)
老子道德经选汉译欣赏   常用中文新词英译(2)
丁尼生短诗36种汉译版本欣赏   2001年度热点词汇
你会译这些英语句子吗   Film Titles

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